Sure, here is a detailed explanation of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) key generation, encryption, and decryption in bullet points:
Key Generation:
Choose a prime number p that is large enough to resist attacks.
Choose an elliptic curve E over the finite field Fp with a point G on it.
Choose a random integer n such that 1 < n < p-1.
Calculate the public key point Q = nG.
The private key is the integer n.
Encryption:
Choose a random integer k such that 1 < k < n-1.
Calculate the public key point P = kG.
Compute the shared secret point S = kQ.
Convert the plaintext message M into a point on the curve.
Calculate the ciphertext C = (M + S)P.
Decryption:
Compute the shared secret point S = nP.
Calculate the plaintext message M = C - S.
Convert the point M back into the original plaintext message.
It's worth noting that ECC has several advantages over other public-key cryptography algorithms, including smaller key sizes and faster computations, making it an attractive choice for resource-limited environments such as mobile devices and IoT devices. However, it is important to note that proper implementation and key management are critical for the security of the system.