Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) enables you to launch resources into a virtual network that you’ve defined.

A VPC peering connection is a networking connection between two VPCs that enables you to route traffic between them using private IPv4 addresses or IPv6 addresses. Instances in either VPC can communicate with each other as if they are within the same network. You can create a VPC peering connection between your own VPCs, or with a VPC in another AWS account.

The VPCs can be in different regions (also known as an inter-region VPC peering connection). 

A VPC is a logically isolated portion of AWS cloud within a region.

Each VCP has a different CIDR, it is like having your own data center inside AWS.

By default you can create up to 5 VPCs per region per AWS account.

A VPC is a logically isolated section of a data center where you have complete control over your virtual networking environment, including the selection of IP address ranges, etc.

Think about it like a virtual data center in the cloud.

Additionally, you can create a hardware Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection between your corporate data center and your VPC and leverage the AWS cloud as an extension of your corporate data center. You can connect to a VPC through an internet gateway or a virtual private gateway.